For temperature control in biological processes, see Thermoregulation.

Temperature control is a process in which the temperature of an object is measured and the passage of heat energy into or out of the object is adjusted to achieve a desired temperature.

A thermostat is a simple example for a closed control loop: It constantly measures the current temperature and controls the heater's valve setting to increase or decrease the room temperature according the user-defined setting. A simple method switches the heater or cooler either completely on, or completely off, and an overshoot and undershoot of the controlled temperature must be expected. A more expensive method varies the amount of heat or cooling provided by the heater or cooler depending on the difference between the required temperature (the "setpoint") and the actual temperature. This minimizes over/undershoot. This process is called PID and is implemented using a PID Controller.

Energy Balance

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More on [ Temperature control ]

Forbes.com: Logistics News

Dry Bulk Drowns
Ruthie Ackerman Fri, 05 Sep 2008 10:50:00 -0000
Dry bulk shippers get hit by the rising dollar and falling commodities, but analysts foresee a pickup by the fourth quarter, as the macroeconomic environment improves.
Dry Bulk Hits Troubled Waters
Ruthie Ackerman Thu, 04 Sep 2008 23:10:00 -0000
The dry bulk shippers feel the pinch from the rising dollar and falling commodities.
The Trash King Of New Orleans
Rebecca Ruiz Wed, 03 Sep 2008 10:00:00 -0000
When hurricanes hit the city, Sidney Torres IV cleans up.

BBC News | Business | World Edition

US jobless rate near 5-year high
Fri, 05 Sep 2008 13:36:52 -0000
The US economy sheds 84,000 jobs last month, more than expected, raising the jobless rate to a near five-year high.
Global stock markets still jumpy
Fri, 05 Sep 2008 14:53:27 -0000
Fears about a global economic slowdown continue to weigh on stock markets, with Japan's main share index falling nearly 3%.
Pakistan 'needs help' on economy
Fri, 05 Sep 2008 11:46:22 -0000
Pakistan needs a "substantial" injection of external funds if it is to stabilise its economy, an IMF official says.

NYT > World Business

Main Bank of China Is in Need of Capital
Fri, 05 Sep 2008 04:44:51 -0000
China’s central bank is in a bind, after snapping up roughly $1 trillion worth of Treasury bonds and mortgage-backed debt issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac over the last seven years.
U.S. Stocks Off; Europe and Asia Down Sharply
Fri, 05 Sep 2008 14:11:14 -0000
Wall Street declined further in early trading after a worse-than-expected unemployment report. Earlier, markets in Europe and Asia slid, following the Dow’s steep fall the previous day.
Two Banks in Europe Stand Pat on Rates
Fri, 05 Sep 2008 04:02:27 -0000
Both the European Central Bank and the Bank of England kept their key interest rates unchanged Thursday amid concerns of high inflation and a slowing economy.

washingtonpost.com -

Honda bringing back Insight nameplate for hybrid
AP Fri, 05 Sep 2008 09:42:10 -0400
TOKYO -- Honda is bringing back the defunct Insight nameplate for a hybrid-only vehicle planned for the Japanese, European and North American markets early next year, as the automaker strives to play catch-up with rival Toyota in hybrids.
Boeing, union in 48-hour contract overtime talks
AP Fri, 05 Sep 2008 00:56:58 -0400
SEATTLE -- Representatives from Boeing Co. and the machinists union met with a federal mediator Thursday as the clock ticked on an unusual two-day contract extension after union production workers soundly rejected a contract offer and voted to strike.
Emissions Standards Tightened
Juliet Eilperin Fri, 05 Sep 2008 00:00:00 -0400
The Environmental Protection Agency yesterday tightened emissions standards for new gasoline-powered lawn mowers, weed trimmers and boat engines, reducing the amount of smog-causing pollution these motors will be allowed to emit.
London Taxi's famed black cabs made in China
AP Thu, 04 Sep 2008 14:30:42 -0400
FENGJING, China -- London Taxis are as British as bowler hats and Big Ben. But the latest models coming off this new assembly line are unlikely to ever touch an English road.
Boeing workers vote to strike, walkout delayed
Reuters Thu, 04 Sep 2008 10:07:26 -0400
SEATTLE (Reuters) - Boeing Co's (BA.N) largest labor union said its members had rejected the plane maker's contract offer and voted to strike, but the union agreed to postpone a walkout for 48 hours to allow more time for negotiations.
Boeing Machinists Vote to Strike
Michael A. Fletcher Thu, 04 Sep 2008 10:06:58 -0400
Boeing aircraft assembly workers last night voted to strike, threatening to paralyze the world's second-largest aircraft manufacturer at a time of booming business and likely further delaying delivery of the company's new fuel-efficient 787 commercial jet.

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