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Unix or UNIX is a computer operating system originally developed in the 1960s and 1970s by a group of AT&T Bell Labs employees including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and Douglas McIlroy. Today's Unix systems are split into various branches, developed over time by AT&T, several other commercial vendors, as well as several non-profit organizations, such as contributors to the GNU project.

Unix was designed to be portable, multi-tasking and multi-user in a time-sharing configuration. The Unix systems are characterized by various concepts: plain text files, command line interpreter, hierarchical file system, treating devices and certain types of inter-process communication as files, etc. In software engineering, Unix is mainly noted for its use of the C programming language and for the Unix philosophy.

The present owner of the UNIX trademark is The Open Group, while the present claimants on the rights to the UNIX source code are SCO Group and Novell (an issue that is currently being decided in court). Only systems fully compliant with and certified to the Single UNIX Specification qualify as "UNIX" (others are called "UNIX system-like" or Unix-like).

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O'Reilly Media, Inc. New Books

SOA Cookbook: Rough Cuts Version
webmaster@oreillynet.com (Eben Hewitt) Tue, 14 Oct 2008 10:47:36 -0800
Concrete Implementation Details
Programming Entity Framework: Rough Cuts Version
webmaster@oreillynet.com (O'Reilly Media, Inc.) Wed, 08 Oct 2008 23:47:40 -0800
Programming Entity Framework is a thorough introduction to Microsoft's new core framework for modeling and working with data in Windows and web applications. As the glue of the .NET data platform, the framework is quickly emerging as a core component of many applications. This book gives experienced developers a hands-on tour of the framework -- from the successful development of an Entity Data Model to the use of its rich architecture -- and demonstrates how to use it in a variety of applications.
Android Application Development: Rough Cuts Version
webmaster@oreillynet.com (O'Reilly Media, Inc.) Wed, 08 Oct 2008 23:47:40 -0800
This practical book provides the concepts and code you need to develop software with Android, the open-source platform for cell phones and mobile devices that's generating enthusiasm across the industry. Android Application Development introduces this programming environment, and offers you a complete working example that demonstrates Android architectural features and APIs. The book is a natural extension of the existing Android documentation provided by Google.
Rails: Up and Running
webmaster@oreillynet.com (Curt Hibbs, Bruce A. Tate, Lance Carlson) Tue, 07 Oct 2008 23:47:42 -0800
Lightning-Fast Web Development
Photoshop Elements 7: The Missing Manual
webmaster@oreillynet.com (Barbara Brundage) Fri, 03 Oct 2008 23:47:17 -0800
Photoshop Elements 7 includes lots of new tools for everything from sprucing up your photos to storing and sharing your pictures online. There's so much to this new version, in fact, that knowing what to do -- and when to do it -- is tricky. Photoshop Elements 7: The Missing Manual guides you through all of the program's features by explaining not only how the tools and commands work, but when to use them.
Pragmatic Thinking and Learning
webmaster@oreillynet.com (Andy Hunt) Thu, 02 Oct 2008 23:47:52 -0800
All day long, you're thinking. There's always something new you need to learn. But do you know the best ways to think, or learn? We all know how to work with software and hardware, but what about wetware-our own brains? In this new book by Pragmatic Programmer Andy Hunt, you'll see how to become more expert. You'll discover the real differences between novices and experts, and how to deal with both more effectively so you can keep on top of your game. You'll learn about different brain functions such as synthesis vs. analysis, sequential processing and pattern-matching, and master new techniques for harvesting internal clues, including the one simple habit that separates the geniuses from the "wanna-bes." See how to learn more deliberately by managing your Knowledge Portfolio and explore practical learning techniques. We'll look at mind maps (and how not to use them), better reading techniques, and situational feedback. You'll also learn one proven technique that will improve your daily productivity by 20%-30%. These aren't party tricks. This is the real stuff that will make you more creative, more insightful, and more effective at what you do.

O'Reilly Media, Inc. Upcoming Books

grep Pocket Reference
webmaster@oreillynet.com (John Bambenek, Agnieszka Klus) Thu, 02 Oct 2008 15:46:15 -0800
Grep Pocket Reference is the first guide devoted to grep, the powerful utility program that helps you locate content in any file on a Unix or Linux system. This pocket reference is ideal for system administrators, security professionals, developers, and others who want to learn more about grep and take new approaches with it. The book includes useful information not contained in the current grep documentation.
QuickBooks 2009: The Missing Manual
webmaster@oreillynet.com (Bonnie Biafore) Wed, 01 Oct 2008 00:16:35 -0800
With QuickBooks 2009: The Missing Manual, you don't just learn how to use this popular program, you learn why and when to use specific features. You also get basic accounting advice so that everything makes sense along the way. Get more out of QuickBooks 2009 whether you're a beginner or an old pro.
Adobe InDesign CS4 One-on-One
webmaster@oreillynet.com (Deke McClelland) Wed, 01 Oct 2008 00:16:35 -0800
With Adobe InDesign CS4 One-on-One, you'll quickly learn how to design professional layouts for print and digital publishing with this program. You get complete step-by-step instructions and hours of DVD-video demonstrations with Deke McClelland's unique and effective system. Learn techniques in the book, see how they're done in the video, and apply the knowledge to hands-on projects offered in every chapter. You'll learn InDesign faster and more efficiently than you thought possible.

 
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awk - Sed awk describes two text manipulation programs that are mainstays of the UNIX programmer's toolbox. This edition covers the sed and awk programs as they are mandated by the POSIX standard and includes discussion of the GNU versions of these programs. and includes discussion of the GNU versions of these programs.
Meta Description: [ sed & awk describes two text manipulation programs that are mainstays of the UNIX programmer's toolbox. This edition covers the sed and awk programs as they are mandated by the POSIX standard and includes discussion of the GNU versions of these programs... ]

awk Pocket Reference - Summarized guide to the powerful editing tools used by text editors to automate tasks performed on multiple files and to write conversion programs.
Meta Description: [ The sed & awk Pocket Reference is a companion volume to sed & awk and Unix in a Nutshell. This small book is a handy reference guide to the information in the larger volumes, presenting a concise summary of regular expressions and pattern matching... ]

mSQL - This book teaches you how to use MySQL and mSQL, two popular, easy-to-use databases for Linux and UNIX systems that support key subsets of SQL.
Meta Description: [ Learn how to use MySQL and mSQL, two popular database products that support key subsets of SQL on Linux and Unix systems. Using basic C, Java, Perl, or Python, you can write a program to interact with a database, either as a stand-alone application or... ]

Recovery - This guide provides a complete overview of all facets of Unix backup and recovery and offers practical, affordable backup and recovery solutions for environments of all sizes and budgets. It explains everything from freely available backup systems to large-scale commercial utilities.
Meta Description: [ This guide provides a complete overview of all facets of Unix backup and recovery and offers practical, affordable backup and recovery solutions for environments of all sizes and budgets. It explains everything from freely available backup systems to... ]

tcsh - Describes from the beginning how to use these shells interactively to get your work done faster with less typing.
Meta Description: [ Using csh & tcsh describes from the beginning how to use these shells interactively to get your work done faster with less typing. You'll learn how to make your prompt tell you where you are (no more pwd); use what you've typed before (history); type... ]

terminfo - This handbook provides information on writing and debugging terminal descriptions, as well as terminal initialization, for the two UNIX terminal databases.
Meta Description: [ For UNIX system administrators and programmers. This handbook provides information on writing and debugging terminal descriptions, as well as terminal initialization, for the two UNIX terminal databases. ]

yacc - Shows programmers how to use two UNIX utilities, lex and yacc, in program development.
Meta Description: [ Shows programmers how to use two Unix utilities, lex and yacc, in program development. You'll find tutorial sections for novice users, reference sections for advanced users, and a detailed index. Major MS-DOS and Unix versions of lex and yacc are explored... ]

Applying RCS and SCCS - A thorough introduction to these two systems, viewed as tools for project management.
Meta Description: [ Applying RCS and SCCS thoroughly introduces these two systems as tools for project management. It takes you through basic source control of a single file, working with multiple releases of a software project, and coordinating multiple developers. It ... ]

CVS Pocket Reference - Open source tool for managing source code so that multiple users can make changes on the same file at the same time, using a shared directory, and then commit those changes back into the directory.
Meta Description: [ CVS, the Concurrent Version System, is an open source tool for managing source code so that multiple users can make changes on the same file at the same time, using a shared directory, and then commit those changes back into the directory. The CVS Pocket... ]

Effective awk Programming, 3rd Edition - Delivers complete coverage of the awk 3.1 language and up-to-date coverage of the POSIX standard for awk available. Distinguishes standard awk features from GNU awk (gawk)-specific features, and devotes two full chapters to example programs.
Meta Description: [ Effective awk Programming delivers complete coverage of the gawk 3.1 language and the most up-to-date coverage of the POSIX standard for awk available anywhere. Author Arnold Robbins clearly distinguishes standard awk features from GNU awk (gawk)-specific... ]

Exploring Expect - Written by the author of Expect, this is the first book to explain how this part of the UNIX toolbox can be used to automate Telnet, FTP, passwd, rlogin, and hundreds of other interactive applications.
Meta Description: [ Written by the author of Expect, this is the first book to explain how this part of the UNIX toolbox can be used to automate Telnet, FTP, passwd, rlogin, and hundreds of other interactive applications. Based on Tcl (Tool Command Language), Expect lets... ]

GNU Emacs Pocket Reference - Covers Emacs version 20, and is a handy reference guide to the basic elements of this powerful editor, presenting the Emacs commands in an easy-to-use tabular format.
Meta Description: [ O'Reilly's Learning GNU Emacs covers the most popular and widespread of the Emacs family of editors. The GNU Emacs Pocket Reference is a companion volume to Learning GNU Emacs. This small book, covering Emacs version 20, is a handy reference guide to... ]

High Performance Computing - Gives a thorough overview of the latest workstation and PC architectures and the trends that will influence the next generation.
Meta Description: [ This second edition of High Performance Computing gives a thorough overview of the latest workstation and PC architectures and the trends that will influence the next generation. It pays special attention to memory design, tuning code for the best performance... ]

Learning GNU Emacs - This comprehensive guide to the GNU Emacs editor, one of the most widely used and powerful editors available under UNIX, covers basic editing, several important editing modes and customization and Emacs LISP programming.
Meta Description: [ This comprehensive guide to the GNU Emacs editor, one of the most widely used and powerful editors available under UNIX, covers basic editing, several important editing modes (special Emacs features for editing specific types of documents, including ... ]

Learning the bash Shell - Covers all of the features of bash Version 2.0, while still applying to bash Version 1.x.
Meta Description: [ This second edition covers all of the features of bash Version 2.0, while still applying to bash Version 1.x. It includes one-dimensional arrays, parameter expansion, more pattern-matching operations, new commands, security improvements, additions to... ]

Learning the Korn Shell - A thorough introduction to the Korn shell, both as a user interface and as a programming language.
Meta Description: [ A thorough introduction to the Korn shell, both as a user interface and as a programming language. This book provides a clear explanation of the Korn shell's features, including ksh string operations, co-processes, signals and signal handling, and command... ]

Learning the UNIX Operating System - Covers the Linux operating system and is an ideal primer for someone just starting with UNIX or Linux, as well as for Mac and PC users who encounter a UNIX system over the Internet.
Meta Description: [ If you are new to UNIX, this concise introduction will tell you just what you need to get started and no more. The fourth edition covers the Linux operating system and is an ideal primer for someone just starting with UNIX or Linux, as well as for Mac... ]

Learning the vi Editor - This completely updated guide to editing with vi, the editor available on nearly every UNIX system, now covers four popular vi clones and includes command summaries for easy reference.
Meta Description: [ This complete guide to editing with vi, the editor available on nearly every Unix system, covers four popular vi clones and includes command summaries for easy reference. It starts with the basics, followed by more advanced editing tools, such as ex ... ]

Managing NFS and NIS, 2nd Edition - Updated for NFS Version 3 and based on Solaris 8, shows how to set up and manage a network filesystem installation. Devoted entirely to NFS and the distributed database NIS, a must-have for anyone interested in Unix networking.
Meta Description: [ This long-awaited new edition of a classic, now updated for NFS Version 3 and based on Solaris 8, shows how to set up and manage a network filesystem installation. Managing NFS and NIS is the only practical book devoted entirely to NFS and the distributed... ]

Perl Resource Kit -- UNIX Edition - Gives you the most comprehensive collection of Perl documentation and commercially enhanced software tools available today.
Meta Description: [ The Perl Resource Kit -- UNIX Edition gives you the most comprehensive collection of Perl documentation and commercially enhanced software tools available today. Developed in association with Larry Wall, the creator of Perl, it's the definitive Perl ... ]

Porting UNIX Software - This book deals with the whole life cycle of porting, from setting up a source tree on your system to correcting platform differences and even testing the executable after it's built.
Meta Description: [ This book deals with the whole life cycle of porting, from setting up a source tree on your system to correcting platform differences and even testing the executable after it's built. It exhaustively discusses the differences between versions of UNIX... ]

Programming with curses - A UNIX library of functions for controlling a terminal's display screen from a C program. This handbook helps you make use of the curses library.
Meta Description: [ curses is a UNIX library of functions for controlling a terminal's display screen from a C program. This handbook helps you make use of the curses library. Describes the original Berkeley version of curses. ]

Pthreads Programming - POSIX threads, or pthreads, allow multiple tasks to run concurrently within the same program. This book discusses when to use threads and how to make them efficient.
Meta Description: [ POSIX threads, or pthreads, allow multiple tasks to run concurrently within the same program. This book discusses when to use threads and how to make them efficient. It features realistic examples, a look behind the scenes at the implementation and performance... ]

SCO UNIX in a Nutshell - In addition to all commands and options, this reference covers shell syntax for the Bourne, Korn, C, and SCO shells; compiler and debugging commands; networking with email, TCP/IP, NFS, and UUCP; and system administration commands.
Meta Description: [ The desktop reference to SCO UNIX and Open Desktop(R), this version of UNIX in a Nutshell shows you what's under the hood of your SCO system. In addition to all commands and options, this reference covers shell syntax for the Bourne, Korn, C, and SCO... ]

Tcl/Tk in a Nutshell - This quick reference briefly describes every command and option in the core Tcl/Tk distribution, as well as the most popular extensions.
Meta Description: [ The Tcl language and Tk graphical toolkit are powerful building blocks for custom applications. This quick reference briefly describes every command and option in the core Tcl/Tk distribution, as well as the most popular extensions. Keep it on your desk... ]

Tcl/Tk Pocket Reference - Ahandy reference guide to the basic Tcl language elements, Tcl and Tk commands, and Tk widgets.
Meta Description: [ A companion volume to Tcl/Tk in a Nutshell, the Tcl/Tk Pocket Reference is a handy reference guide to the basic Tcl language elements, Tcl and Tk commands, and Tk widgets. It provides easy access to just what you need and includes easy-to-understand ... ]

Tcl/Tk Tools - Clearly documents the most popular and robust extensions -- by the people who created them -- and contains information on configuration, debugging, and other important tasks.
Meta Description: [ One of the greatest strengths of Tcl/Tk is the range of extensions written for it. This book clearly documents the most popular and robust extensions -- by the people who created them -- and contains information on configuration, debugging, and other... ]

The UNIX CD Bookshelf - Contains six books from O'Reilly plus the software from UNIX Power Tools -- all on a convenient CD-ROM.
Meta Description: [ The UNIX CD Bookshelf contains six books from O'Reilly plus the software from UNIX Power Tools -- all on a convenient CD-ROM. A bonus hard-copy book, UNIX in a Nutshell: System V Edition, is also included. The CD-ROM contains UNIX in a Nutshell: System... ]

The UNIX CD Bookshelf, 2nd Edition - Contains six books from O'Reilly plus the UNIX Power Tools software, all on a convenient CD-ROM. A bonus hard-copy book, UNIX in a Nutshell: 3rd Edition, is also included.
Meta Description: [ The second edition of The UNIX CD Bookshelf contains six books from O'Reilly, plus the software from UNIX Power Tools--all on a convenient CD-ROM. You also get a bonus print copy of UNIX in a Nutshell, 3rd Edition. The CD-ROM contains UNIX in a Nutshell... ]

Transact-SQL Programming - Thoroughly explores Transact-SQL, a full-featured procedural language that extends the power of SQL on both Microsoft SQL Server 6.5/7.0 and Sybase version 11.5.
Meta Description: [ Full of examples, best practices, and real-world advice, this book thoroughly explores Transact-SQL, a full-featured procedural language that extends the power of SQL on both Microsoft SQL Server 6.5/7.0 and Sybase version 11.5. Comes with a CD-ROM containing... ]

Unix for Oracle DBAs Pocket Reference - Pocket reference puts within easy reach the commands that Oracle database administrators need most when operating in a Unix environment. Features the Unix commands most often used when managing Oracle databases.
Meta Description: [ If you are an Oracle DBA moving to Unix from another environment such as Windows NT or IBM Mainframe, you know that the commands you need to learn are far different from those covered in most beginning Unix books. In this handy pocket-sized book, Don... ]

UNIX in a Nutshell: System V Edition - A complete reference containing all commands and options, with descriptions and examples that put the commands in context. For all but the thorniest UNIX problems, this one reference should be all you need. Covers System V Release 4 and Solaris 7.
Meta Description: [ The bestselling, most informative Unix reference book. Not a scaled-down quick reference of common commands, UNIX in a Nutshell is a complete reference containing all commands and options, with descriptions and examples that put the commands in context... ]

UNIX Power Tools - Increased coverage of POSIX utilities, including GNU versions, greater bash and tcsh shell coverage, more emphasis on Perl, and a CD-ROM that contains the best freeware available.
Meta Description: [ Loaded with practical advice about almost every aspect of UNIX, this second edition of UNIX Power Tools addresses the technology that UNIX users face today. You'll find thorough coverage of POSIX utilities, including GNU versions, detailed bash and tcsh... ]

UNIX Systems Programming for SVR4 - Presents a comprehensive look at the nitty-gritty details on how UNIX interacts with applications.
Meta Description: [ Presents a comprehensive look at the nitty-gritty details on how UNIX interacts with applications. If you're writing an application from scratch, or if you're porting an application to any System V.4 platform, you need this book. It thoroughly explains... ]

vi Editor Pocket Reference - A companion volume to O'Reilly's newly updated sixth edition of Learning the vi Editor, presenting movement and editing commands, the command-line options, and other elements of the vi editor in an easy-to-use tabular format.
Meta Description: [ The vi Editor Pocket Reference is a companion volume to O'Reilly's updated sixth edition of Learning the vi Editor, presenting movement and editing commands, the command-line options, and other elements of the vi editor in an easy-to-use tabular format... ]

When You Can't Find Your UNIX System Administrator - Provides the background and practical solutions you need to solve problems you're likely to encounter -- problems with logging in, printing, sharing files, running programs, and managing space resources.
Meta Description: [ This book is written for UNIX users, who are often cast adrift in a confusing environment. It provides the background and practical solutions you need to solve problems you're likely to encounter -- problems with logging in, printing, sharing files, ... ]

Writing GNU Emacs Extensions - This book introduces Emacs Lisp and tells you how to make the editor do whatever you want, whether it's altering the way text scrolls or inventing a whole new major mode.
Meta Description: [ This book introduces Emacs Lisp and tells you how to make the editor do whatever you want, whether it's altering the way text scrolls or inventing a whole new major mode. Topics progress from simple to complex, from lists, symbols, and keyboard commands... ]

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