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The philosophical concept of causality, the principles of causes, or causation, the working of causes, refers to the set of all particular "causal" or "cause-and-effect" relations. A neutral definition is notoriously hard to provide since every aspect of causation has received substantial debate. Most generally, causation is a relationship that holds between events, objects, variables, or states of affairs. Causality presumes that all those things must have at least one cause, factor, or reason. It is also usually presumed that the cause chronologically precedes the effect. Finally, the existence of a causal relationship generally suggests that - all other things being equal - if the cause occurs the effect will as well (or at least the probability of the effect occurring will increase).

In natural languages, causal relationships can be expressed by the following causative expressions: i) a set of causative verbs make, create, do, effect, produce, occasion, perform, determine, influence; construct, compose, constitute; provoke, motivate, force, facilitate, induce, get, stimulate; begin, commence, initiate, institute, originate, start; prevent, keep, restrain, preclude, forbid, stop, cease; ii) a set of causative names agent, author, creator, designer, former, originator; antecedent, causality, causation, condition, fountain, occasion, origin, power, precedent, reason, source, spring; reason, grounds, motive, need, impulse; iii) a set of effective names creation, development, effect, end, event, fruit, impact, influence, issue, outcome, outgrowth, product, result, upshot. Causality is the centerpiece of the universe and so the main subject of ontology; for comprehending the nature, meaning, kinds, varieties, and ordering of cause and effect amounts to knowing the beginnings and endings of things, to uncovering the implicit mechanisms of world dynamics, or to having the fundamental scientific knowledge.

Causation in the history of Western philosophy


Aristotle

In Metaphysics and Posterior Analytics, Aristotle stated: "All causes of things are beginnings; that we have scientific knowledge when we know the cause; that to know a thing's existence is to know the reason why it is". With this, he set the guidelines for all the subsequent causal theories by specifying the number, nature, principles, elements, varieties, order of causes as well as the modes of causation. Aristotle's account of the causes of things may be qualified as the most comprehensive model up to now.

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@brandehhh will approve is oxycontins and I refuse to take those. Too many side effects and I have a small child at home. Cant b flying high
JillyBeeny (Jill ) Sat, 28 Nov 2009 00:40:22 -0000
@brandehhh will approve is oxycontins and I refuse to take those. Too many side effects and I have a small child at home. Cant b flying high
'Flying Sword Girls' on Blackbelt TV. I dunno if I can hang with the 'phweeeEEEEeeeee!' flying sound effects for 105 minutes....
Tetsubishi (Centaurea calcitrapa) Fri, 27 Nov 2009 02:08:07 -0000
'Flying Sword Girls' on Blackbelt TV. I dunno if I can hang with the 'phweeeEEEEeeeee!' flying sound effects for 105 minutes....
Just been to the flicks to see Ninja Assassin; bit like martial arts meets horror for effects; body parts flying everywhere: good fun :)
Deccaden (Deano) Thu, 26 Nov 2009 12:09:04 -0000
Just been to the flicks to see Ninja Assassin; bit like martial arts meets horror for effects; body parts flying everywhere: good fun :)
@jmooredsgns Great special effects...the flying chain...yoooo, and the fiery hair my 11 yr old loves this movie!
Mr_Twister_CLT (Mister Twister) Thu, 26 Nov 2009 04:11:30 -0000
@jmooredsgns Great special effects...the flying chain...yoooo, and the fiery hair my 11 yr old loves this movie!
@NekoUsagi thats the ONLY way they could have that many special effects at one time, lol. *woosh/sparkle/blurr* "Weeee we're NOT flying!"
Draxnez (Alexander Avants) Thu, 26 Nov 2009 01:10:41 -0000
@NekoUsagi thats the ONLY way they could have that many special effects at one time, lol. *woosh/sparkle/blurr* "Weeee we're NOT flying!"
The sound of an airplane flying overhead just now perfectly coincided with the passing of a golf cart. Life needs more sound effects.
austin_b (Austin Brown) Thu, 26 Nov 2009 01:10:30 -0000
The sound of an airplane flying overhead just now perfectly coincided with the passing of a golf cart. Life needs more sound effects.

 
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