Space has been an interest for philosophers and scientists for much of human history, and hence it is difficult to provide an uncontroversial and clear definition outside of specific defined contexts. Disagreement exists on whether space itself can be measured or is part of the measuring system. (See Space in philosophy.) The term is also used somewhat differently in different fields of study. Many fields use an operational definition in which the units of measurement are defined.
In mathematics, a space is a set, with some particular properties and usually some additional structure. It is not a formally defined concept as such, but a generic name for a number of similar concepts, most of which generalize some abstract properties of the physical concept of space.
More on [ Space ]

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Associates - Site describes provided services and experience of a small firm in the areas of Commercial Space Development, National Space Policy and Transportation and Space Based Systems.
Associates Antenna Tracking Control Systems - ID Associates Pty Ltd is an Australian supplier of satellite communication systems with over 12 years experience. The company develops, designs and manufactures systems in Australia.
Design Solutions - Provides engineering design and documentation services.
Meta Description: [ Integrated Drafting & Design Solutions specializes in advanced drafting, design and documentation services. We offer a broad range of support services to assist you in solving your most challenging documentation and design problems. Our flexible services mean that you can use our resources as a... ]
Technologies Corp. - Provides systems engineering services, and designs and manufactures complete space systems; spacecraft; space and Earth science instruments and sensors; cryogenic subsystems; antenna systems and video products for commercial and governmental customers.
Technology - Aerospace company that specializes in enterprise and technology development for the emerging space markets.
Active Space Technologies - Thermal Analysis and Simulation of instruments, satellites, and launchers. Development, calibration, and qualification of instrumentation and optoelectronics.
AeroAstro - Specializes in nano satellites.
Aerospace Engineering - Builds spacecraft buses and instruments and provides a variety of aerospace products, integrates and tests systems and handles mission control. Also designs and manufactures specialty spaceflight hardware.
Meta Description: [ Swales provides engineering services relevant to the study, design, development, fabrication, integration, testing, verification, and operations of spaceflight and ground system hardware and software. ]
Aerospace Innovations, LLC - An engineering company offering services to the government and commercial aerospace industry.
Aerospace Language Translation - UK-based provider of translation services for aerospace and related manuals and material in any language.
Meta Description: [ Specialist language translations totally professional language translation services from Total Language Solutions | Special Introductory Offer To New Clients ]
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Aerospazio Tecnologie - Space Simulation and spacecraft. Electric rocket Propulsion. Electromagnetic compatibility Plasma diagnostics. Large Vacuum Test Research and development of electric propulsion technology Testing of electric thrusters EMI/EMC testing under vacuum
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Alenia Spazio - Company active telecommunications, remote sensing, orbital infrastructures and scientific satellites.
Analytix Corporation, Aerospace Consulting Thermal Design - Spacecraft Thermal Design, Reentry and Ablation.
ANSER - Consulting and research organization.
Astrium Space - A European space company owned 50% by Aerospatiale Matra and BAE Systems, and 50% by DaimlerChrysler Aerospace.
Astro Research Corporation - Specializes in spacecraft and launch vehicle systems and subsystems development and manufacturing.
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AstroExpo.com - The Space Industry Virtual Exhibit Hall - Space Industry Exhibit Hall featuring space components, suppliers, service providers, industry news and technical information for the engineer, researcher, and manager.
Meta Description: [ The Space industry Virtual Exhibit Hall featuring a searchable database of flight-proven space hardware and related space industry suppliers, services, software, news, technical articles and tehnologies for license. ]
AstroKeys Inc. - Develops technologies for small spacecraft; Distributes SINDA/G software; Provides On-Orbit Servicing expertise, consulting and contract services to space.
AUSPACE LIMITED - Auspace Limited is an aerospace and defence engineering company serving the needs of the science, commercial and defence communities in space, airborne and ground systems.
Bigelow Aerospace - Goal is making habitable space stations affordable for corporate communities.
Meta Description: [ Bigelow Aerospace is a general contractor that is providing design, engineering, fabrication, testing, assembly and marketing of future space complexes. These facilities will be leased for a variety of uses. ]
Boeing Satellite Systems - Manufacturer of geostationary weather and communications satellites.
Broad Reach Engineering - Spacecraft Avionics, Star Trackers, GPS Receivers, EPS, CDH, Flight Software, EGSE, Systems Engineering, Low Mass/Power Avionics, LEO-to-GEO, Satellite Electronics, Mass Storage, Command Telemetry Hardware
Callisto Space - Small company working in Satellite Telecommunications Engineering.
Carleton Technologies Pneumatic - Spacecraft pneumatic components such as aerospace pneumatic valves and pneumatic actuators, also military aircraft pneumatic components.
Meta Description: [ Carleton Technologies designs and manufactures personal cooling systems, aviation oxygen equipment and pneumatic systems for military, space and commercial applications. ]
CASC Space Products - develop geostationary telecommunications satellites, geostationary and sun-synchronous meteorological satellites.
Cincinnati Electronics - Specializes in the design and manufacture of high reliability electronic equipment.
Cosline - Provides science services for space instrumentation, such as scientific software, design studies and project management. Located in the Netherlands
Meta Description: [ cosine provides research, science and
computing services for space applications ]
Dassault Aviation: Space activities - An overview of Dassault's aerospace engineering, vehicles studies, pyrotechnics, and telemetry systems.
De Leon Technologies LLC - Site of De Leon Technologies LLC an aerospace company based in Cape Canaveral, Florida.
Deep Space Enterprises - Provider of small spacecraft system engineering expertise
Meta Description: [ Provider of small spacecraft system engineering expertise ]
Deimos Space - Deimos Space, the aerospace company of Elecnor Group, operates in mission analysis, space systems engineering, ground segment systems, space software systems, real-time systems and technology transfer.
Meta Description: [ DEIMOS Space is a Spanish private aerospace company providing maximum-quality engineering solutions as well as high-technology and added-value systems ]
DIFINITY INC. - Space burial of human remains, DNA and a nanoengraved-autobiographical disk to various locations in outer space.
Draper Laboratory - An independent not-for-profit laboratory in applied research, engineering development, education, and technology transfer.
Meta Description: [ The site contains a profile of Draper Laboratory, information about business areas, engineering capabilities, employment opportunities, awards, community outreach and maps and hotel information for visitors. The Draper Prize, an international award for achievement in engineering and technology, i... ]
Ecliptic Enterprises - Manufactures the RocketCamTM line of onboard video systems for rockets and spacecraft.
Meta Description: [ Ecliptic provides systems for accessing and experiencing space and other extreme environments. We are a space-technology firm that produces the world's leading brand of onboard video and imaging systems for use with rockets, spacecraft and other remote pl ]
Edotek Ltd. UK - Chemical and material technology associated with liquid propulsion systems.
Meta Description: [ Edotek is a consulting firm specialising in industrial chemistry and providing process control analysis, propellant technology research and chemical analysis of materials. Based in Buckinghamshire, England ]
Emergent Space Technologies - Providing technical services focusing on research, development, and application of emerging space and information technologies,
Eurospace - The association of European Space Industry - Provides information on the European space industry. Unique industrial activity statistics and data can be found there.
Meta Description: [ EUROSPACE - The Association of European Space Industry ]
EUROSPACE Technische Entwicklungen GmbH - Development and manufacturing in the space and medical technology and IT fields.
Meta Description: [ High Technology Consulting company EUROSPACE GmbH ]
GTI Electronics - Designer of weather satellite ground stations for polar orbiting and geostationary satellites.
Meta Description: [ Designer of Weather Satellite Ground
stations for Polar orbiting and Geostationary satellites ]
Hamilton Sundstrand Space Systems International - Manufacturing life support systems for installation in suits, vehicles, and habitats.
Hirex Engineering - Test and analysis of EEE parts for space, military and industrial applications.
Meta Description: [ Hirex Engineering Web Site ]
Honeywell Space - Provides quality products that have contributed to the mission success of many different and varied space platforms.
Meta Description: [ Honeywell Commercial Electronic Systems Corporate Information ]
International Space Services - ISS was established in 1997 to consult and help companies and government organizations pursue their international interests in space.
Meta Description: [ International Space Services ]
INVAP - Space contractor, based in Argentina, involved in satellites, payloads and ground segment facilities.
Meta Description: [ INVAP SE. Empresa Argentina de base tecnológica, que se dedica al desarrollo de tecnología de avanzada en varios campos diferentes. ]
IOT Systems, LLC - Provides Satellite Payload In-Orbit Test (IOT) Systems and Services. COTS IOT System product we developed as the IOT group at COMSAT.
Meta Description: [ Home of IOT Systems, LLC ]
Iridian Spectral Technologies - Black absorber targets for space vision systems as being used on the Canadarm and the International Space Station.
Meta Description: [ Iridian Spectral Technologies: optical filters, Raman notch filters and dielectric thin film coatings, both standard and custom ]
JP Aerospace - An attempt to launch the first amateur space flight in history.
Meta Description: [ Independent space program. You'll find photos, videos from over eighty missions and information on our Airship to Orbit program. ]
Kayser-Threde GmbH - Providing complete space systems from launch to recovery.
Khrunichev Space Center - Russian national aerospace research and production center.
Khrunichev Space Center - Home of Rosaviakosmos, the Russian state space research and production center.
L'Garde, Inc. - Designs and manufactures inflatable space structural systems including antennae, relectors and solar arrays.
Meta Description: [ L'Garde was founded in 1971 to analyze, design, manufacture, test and fly inflatable space structural systems. ]
L-3 Communication Systems - Integrated space communications system design and production.
Meta Description: [ L-3 Communications Corporation is a leading supplier of a broad range of
products and services used in a substantial number of aerospace and defense platforms. We are also a major
supplier of systems, subsystems and products on many platforms, including those for secure networked communic... ]
Lambda-X Optics - Design, image processing and metrology optics for space instrumentation.
Meta Description: [ Lambda-x is a company specialized in the field of the design, the image processing and metrology optics and is aiming to valorize and promote the expertise developed by the Microgravity Research Center (MRC), of ULB (Universit Libre de Bruxelles). ]
Lockheed Martin Missiles and Space - As a lead systems integrator and information technology company, nearly 80% of Lockheed Martin's business is with the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. federal government agencies. In fact, Lockheed Martin is the largest provider of IT services, systems integration, and training to the U.S. Government.
Meta Description: [ Lockheed Martin Corporation, an advanced technology company, was formed in March 1995 with the merger of two of the world's premier technology companies, Lockheed Corporation and Martin Marietta Corporation. Headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland, Lockheed Martin employs about 125,000 people worldw... ]
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MacDonald Dettwiler Space and Advanced Robotics Ltd. - Provides space robotics and is known for developing the space shuttle remote manipulator system, or Canadarm.
Malin Space Science Systems - Designs, develops, and operates instruments that fly on robotic spacecraft.
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ManTech Integration and Testing at NASA - Based at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, this facility can support integration and test from start to finish. ManTech is the contractor operating the facilities, and has partnered with NASA to open the complex to any commercial venture.
Marotta U.K. Limited - Marotta U.K. Limited supplies high-performance fluid control components for space applications. Our product ranges and space qualified components have gained qualification status and flight heritage on an impressive array of space programmes.
Meta Description: [ Marotta U.K. Limited - The European Alternative. ]
Microcosm, Inc. - Specializing in space mission analysis and design, spacecraft orbit and attitude control systems, space-related software for autonomous navigation,and low-cost launch vehicles.
Meta Description: [ Microcosm, Inc., is a California-based corporation
specializing in space mission analysis and design, spacecraft orbit and attitude
control systems, space-related software for autonomous navigation,low-cost launch
vehicles and related system support. Microcosm also publishes and... ]
Millennium Engineering and Integration Company - Providing a full range of support services to government agencies, research institutions, and commercial enterprises.
Meta Description: [ Specializing in the aerospace industry, Millennium Engineering and Integration Co. has extensive expertise in providing system engineering and analysis, integration and testing, facility development and program planning for government agencies, research institutions and commercial enterprises. ME... ]
Mitsubishi Electric Space Systems - Space systems including satellite systems and ground programs. They include space-based networks for aerospace and communications that offer launching, tracking and amplification for satellites.
Meta Description: [ Mitsubishi Electric space system is your gateway to information on our advanced satellite systems and ground programs such as DCME. Find about technologies, products, and innovations. ]
Moog Inc. - Designer and manufacturer of controls for aircraft, spacecraft, trains, and amusement rides.
Meta Description: [ Moog Inc Space Controls ]
NAR Projects Ltd. - Israeli company provides support in space projects management, satellite system engineering, satellite communications, GIS, remote sensing applications, and ecology analyses based on space remote sensing technology.
Meta Description: [ satellites, space system consultant, GIS, remote sensing, ecology, space project management, system engineering ]
NISO - The Netherlands Industrial Space Organisation (NISO) is a permanent forum for the country's space industry. Links to members.
Northrop Grumman Space Technology - Provides space, defense and electronics systems. Products include: satellites for communications, science, weather, surveillance and high energy lasers.
Meta Description: [ Space Technology, Northrop Grumman Space Technology develops a broad range of systems at the leading edge of space, defense and electronics technology. Building on a heritage of innovation, we create sophisticated products that contribute significantly to the nation's security and leadership in s... ]
OHB System AG - Medium-sized system house, with national and international projects in the fields of satellites, manned space flight and technologies for security and reconnaissance. The headquarters are located in Bremen, Germany.
Meta Description: [ Die OHB-System AG ist ein mittelstndisches Systemhaus spezialisiert auf die Bereiche Kleinsatelliten, Bemannte Raumfahrt, Orbital- und Transportsysteme und Technologien fr Sicherheit und Aufklrung. ]
Orbital Sciences - Development and application of space technologies for practical benefits here on Earth.
Meta Description: [ Orbital provides the means to collect, communicate, and process vital information about planet Earth and human endeavors everywhere on it. ]
Planetary Systems Corp - PSC is a space vehicle mechanisms manufacturer offering separation systems, solar arrays and other deployable release devices.
Meta Description: [ Desiners and Manufacturers of Lightband Separation Systems ]
Primex Technologies - Builder of small liquid and electric thrusters
Princeton Satellite Systems - Spacecraft control systems and of computer-aided design software for the spacecraft industry.
Meta Description: [ Spacecraft Control Toolbox, Aircraft Control Toolbox at Princeton Satellite Systems. We are a leader in the development of spacecraft control systems and of computer-aided design software for the spacecraft industry ]
Radio Research Instrument Co. Inc. - A supplier of antenna systems and major sub-items of equipment to all aerospace companies and all branches of the U.S. Military.
Meta Description: [ Radio Research has, for the last 50 years, been a supplier of radar systems, antenna systems, microwave components, infrared optics, weather radars, doppler radars, relay stations, rf test equipment, signal generators, transponders, modulators, major sub-items of equipment to all aerospace compan... ]
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Rocketdyne - Details on the various propulsion systems produced by Rocketdyne with a selection of video clips.
RT Logic! - Producing satellite telemetry systems.
Meta Description: [ RT Logic's Telemetrix products perform ground-based processing of satellite telemetry, command, ranging, and communications links, supporting spacecraft factory testing, launch range operations, and on-orbit satellite command and control. ]
S.P.Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia - Russian rocket and space leader.
Saab Ericsson Space - Develops, manufactures and markets spacecraft equipment. The company's specialist fields are digital and microwave technologies and mechanics.
Meta Description: [ Saab serves the global market with world-leading products, services and solutions ranging from military defence to civil security. Saab has operations and employees on all continents and constantly develops, adopts and improves new technology to meet customers’ changing needs. ]
ScanEx RD center - Designs and manufactures ground receiving stations for remote sensing satellites and offers solutions for earth observation data acquisition, archiving, and processing.
Meta Description: [ Станции приема, хранения и
обработки спутниковых изображений, обработка и интерпретация данных
дистанционного зондирования Земли (ДЗЗ) из космоса, ИТЦ СканЭкс
]
SED Systems Inc. - Has experience in space, communications, satellite test and control, and custom electronic system manufacturing.
Meta Description: [ SED's mission is to provide the
communications industry with the rapid delivery of dependable flexible
systems and services. ]
Sodern - Specializes in designing and manufacturing of neutronic, optronic, and space equipment.
Meta Description: [ SODERN is a company specialized in designing and manufacturing of neutron, optical and space instrumentation. Space Instrumentation, Sun Sensor, Star Tracker, Earth Sensor, Earth Observation, Focal Plane, Satellite Attitude, Attitude control, Neutron Instrumentation, Neutron Tube, Neutron Gener... ]
Space Dynamics Laboratory - A not-for-profit research corporation owned by Utah State University. SDL has designed, fabricated and operated over 400 payloads, including shuttle experiments, small satellites and satellite-based sensor systems.
Space Island Group - Developing a plan to design, build and operate commercial space transportation systems and destinations dedicated to commerce, research, satellite repair, manufacturing, and space tourism.
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Space News Listing of Satellite Companies - Links to satellite companies.
Space Propulsion Systems Inc - Space propulsion using patented technologies for commercial and military launch vehicles, satellites, and spacecraft using advanced manufacturing processes.
Space Technology - Space technology products, alongside international coverage of industry projects. A-Z listing of space industry contractors and suppliers.
Meta Description: [ The web site for the aerospace industry with information on current aircraft and spacecraft projects, products, services and contractors ]
SpaceData International LLC - Providing a turnkey solution for the 'broadband-on-command' high speed satellite data transfer of large, uncompressed seismic data files.
SpaceDev Corp. - Offering turn-key space missions from earth-orbit to deep-space.
SpaceHab - The sole provider of habitable modules and logistics facilities for research and space station supply services on the U.S. Space Shuttles.
Meta Description: [ SPACEHAB, a pioneer in space commerce. From the shuttle to the exciting new space station (ISS), SPACEHAB is leading the way in space exploration, research, media and other cutting-edge technologies. ]
SpaceWorks, Inc. - Provides engineering services and spacecraft systems to principal investigators and their institutions.
Spectrum Astro Incorporated - Prime contractor providing space-technology products and services ranging from space electronics manufacturing of complex space systems.
Meta Description: [ General Dynamics C4 Systems is a leading integrator of network-centric command, control, communication and computing solutions from space to ground - core to edge. The company’s focus is on engineering and integrating secure communication, information and technology solutions that facilitate t... ]
Starsys Research - Crafts spacecraft mechanical systems of the highest possible quality.
Meta Description: [ Starsys, Inc. is an aerospace industry leader in the design and delivery of precision mechanical components, subsystems and deployable structures for spacecraft and payloads. These include: deployable aperture covers, optical barrel assemblies (OBA) and sunshades, payload deployment and position... ]
Storm Control Systems - L-3 Storm Control Systems - satellite telemetry, tracking, and control systems
Meta Description: [ Storm Control Systems - leader in satellite command and control software. ]
Swales Aerospace - With 700+ engineers they have the know-how to solve almost any aerospace engineering problem.
Meta Description: [ Swales provides engineering services relevant to the study, design, development, fabrication, integration, testing, verification, and operations of spaceflight and ground system hardware and software. ]
Swiss Space Technology - Space electronics, microprocessor and programmable logic design. Based in Champery, in the Swiss Alps.
Syntonics - Provides custom and semi-custom time and frequency electronics for demanding space communications, precision navigation and science.
Meta Description: [ Fireworks CSS Layer, Syntonics is a specialty defense electronics company that develops tactical RF-over-fiber optic communication systems, unique antennas, and advanced GPS holdover clocks ]
Thales electrons - Manufactures electron tubes and devices for satellite, telecom earth station, radio and TV broadcast,defense,airborne and surface radars, science, therapy applications.
The Aerospace Corporation - Provides information on launch vehicles, satellite systems, ground control systems, and space technology.
The Elwing Company - Electric propulsion systems for the worldwide satellite industry, based on innovative electrodeless plasma thrusters.
Meta Description: [ The Elwing company design reliable electric propulsion systems for the worldwide satellite industry ]
Thiokol Propulsion Home Page - Makes solid propulsion motors for space, defense, tactical.
Meta Description: [ ATK is an advanced weapon and space system company ]
TRW Inc. - A global company focused on providing superior products and services to customers in the automotive, space, and defense markets.
United Space Alliance - Chartered to manage and conduct space operations work involving the operation and maintenance of multi-purpose space systems.
Meta Description: [ United Space Alliance - Headquartered in Houston, Texas, United Space Alliance (USA) is one of the worlds leading space operations companies. Established in 1996 as a Limited Liability Company (LLC), USA is equally owned by The Boeing Company (NYSE:BA) and Lockheed Martin Corporation (NYSE:LMT)... ]
United Technologies - Provides a broad range of high-technology products and support services to customers in the aerospace and building industries worldwide.
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